RESUMEN
Complementary feeding (CF) is defined as the feeding of infants that complements breastfeeding, or alternatively, feeding with a breast milk substitute, and is a process that is more than simply a guide as to what and how to introduce foods. The information provided by healthcare professionals must be up-to-date and evidence-based. Most of the recommendations that appear in the different international guidelines and position papers are widely applicable, but some must be regionalized or adapted to fit the conditions and reality of each geographic zone. The Nutrition Working Group of the Latin American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (LASPGHAN) summoned a group of experts from each of the society's member countries, to develop a consensus on CF, incorporating, whenever possible, local information adapted to the reality of the region. The aim of the present document is to show the results of that endeavor. Utilizing the Delphi method, a total of 34 statements on relevant aspects of CF were evaluated, discussed, and voted upon.
Asunto(s)
Gastroenterología , Lactante , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Cocos , Consenso , América Latina , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales del LactanteRESUMEN
The urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG), a lysosomal enzyme of the renal tubular cells was analyzed in 177 women divided into nonpregnant healthy controls (n = 46), normal pregnant women in their third trimester (n = 49), pregnant women with transient hypertension (n = 43), and women with preeclampsia (n = 39). Urinary activity of NAG was increased in normal pregnant women and in patients with transient hypertension in pregnancy compared to nonpregnant healthy controls. In preeclamptic women, this increase was found to be much higher than that corresponding to their gestational age; this fact is due to the tissue ischemia that precedes glomerular endotheliosis, but also tubular lesions caused by arteriolar vasoconstriction may have an important role.
Asunto(s)
Acetilglucosaminidasa/orina , Pruebas Enzimáticas Clínicas , Preeclampsia/diagnóstico , Adulto , Albuminuria/orina , Pruebas Enzimáticas Clínicas/estadística & datos numéricos , Creatinina/análisis , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertensión/orina , Preeclampsia/sangre , Preeclampsia/orina , Embarazo , Pronóstico , Valores de Referencia , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Ácido Úrico/sangreRESUMEN
La estimulación electrica de la coclea es un gran adelanto tecnologico, que beneficia en gran medida a la población sorda bilateral que no es susceptible de mejorar con el tratamiento convencional de audifonos. Su historia se remonta al S. XVIII, cuando Volta estimulo electricamente los oidos mediante un alambre metalico. Pero no fue sino hasta en las tres ultimas decadas cuando el avance tecnologico, la miniaturización de los componentes, los estudios de biocompatibilidad y las experiencias obtenidas en los marcapasos cardiacos permitieron finalmente estimular en forma directa los restos neuronales auditivos de manera controlada, segura y eficaz
